From the public anthology

Honoré de Balzac · Le Père Goriot · Le Père Goriot, First part : Une pension bourgeoise

4 min read

“The story of Father Goriot is a tragedy of paternal love, a drama that unfolds in the midst of the petty intrigues of the boarding house.”

Madame Vauquer, née de Conflans, is an elderly woman who, for forty years, has kept a boarding house in Paris, in the Rue Neuve-Sainte-Geneviève, between the Latin Quarter and the Faubourg Saint-Marcel. This boarding house, known as the Maison Vauquer, receives men and women, young and old, and has never been the subject of gossip, but, in truth, the faces of the guests are not to be examined too closely. There you see the same characters as in the world, only more so; the same vices, the same passions, but exaggerated. The house is a microcosm of Parisian society, where the most poignant dramas unfold in silence. The mistress of the house, Madame Vauquer, is a woman of fifty, fat, florid, with a nose that is too short, a mouth that is too large, and eyes that are always lowered. She wraps herself in a shawl of threadbare cashmere, and wears a cap with faded ribbons. Her movements are slow, her voice is soft, but she is capable of the most delicate cruelty. The boarding house itself is a three-story building, with a courtyard in the back and a garden in the front. The dining room is the heart of the house, where the boarders gather for meals. The room is low-ceilinged, with a musty smell, and the furniture is old and worn. The walls are painted a dirty yellow, and the floor is covered with a sticky wax. The table is set with a cloth that has seen better days, and the plates are chipped. The boarders are a motley crew: there is a retired pastry chef, a former government clerk, a young law student, a mysterious man named Vautrin, and the old father Goriot, who is the object of everyone's derision. Father Goriot is a man of sixty, who once made a fortune in the vermicelli trade, but now lives in a small room on the top floor, dressed in threadbare clothes. He is obsessed with his two daughters, who have married into high society and rarely visit him. The other boarders mock him, but he is indifferent to their taunts, consumed by his love for his children. The story of Father Goriot is a tragedy of paternal love, a drama that unfolds in the midst of the petty intrigues of the boarding house. The house is a prison for the soul, where the dreams of the young are crushed by the reality of poverty. The atmosphere is heavy with despair, but also with a strange vitality, as if the very walls were saturated with the emotions of the inhabitants. The boarding house is a world unto itself, a stage where the players act out their roles with a grim determination. Madame Vauquer is the director of this theater, and she rules her domain with a iron hand. She is both a mother and a tyrant, caring for her boarders while also exploiting them. The Maison Vauquer is a symbol of the mercilessness of society, where the weak are devoured by the strong. It is a place of shadows and light, where the truth is always hidden behind a mask of civility. The reader is invited to enter this world, to observe the characters, and to reflect on the nature of love, ambition, and sacrifice. The story of Father Goriot is a mirror held up to the society of the Restoration, a society that worships money and power, and that despises the poor. The old man, who has given everything to his daughters, is left to die alone, forgotten by all except a few. The tragedy of his life is a lesson in the vanity of human wishes, and the eternal truth that love is the only thing that matters. Such is the opening of this great novel, a masterpiece of realism and a poignant exploration of the human condition.